A cardiac hydatid cyst underlying pulmonary embolism: a case report

Hydatid cysts located in the interatrial septum are especially rare but when they occur, they might cause intracavity rupture. We report on a patient with acute pulmonary embolism caused by an isolated, ruptured hydatid cyst on the right side of the interatrial septum. A 16-year-old-boy with an uneventful history was hospitalized for exercise-induced dyspnea and blood expectorations. Multiple and bilateral opacities were visualized on standard chest x-ray. Signs of right-sided hypertrophy were seen on ECG. Imaging findings led to the diagnosis of pulmonary embolism complicating cardiac hydatid cysts. An operation was performed through median sternotomy to remove the cardiac cyst. The pleural cavity was entered through the fifth intercostal space to withdraw lung hydatid cysts. Operative recovery was uneventful and the patient resumed his normal activities 19 months later. Prompt diagnosis and an appropriate surgical treatment prevented a potentially fatal outcome.Key words: Echinococcosis, Hydatidosis, Pulmonary embolism, cardiac, hydatid cys

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and Lung Cancer: Underlying Pathophysiology and New Therapeutic Modalities

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and lung cancer are major lung diseases affecting millions worldwide. Both diseases have links to cigarette smoking and exert a considerable societal burden. People suffering from COPD are at higher risk of developing lung cancer than those without, and are more susceptible to poor outcomes after diagnosis and treatment. Lung cancer and COPD are closely associated, possibly sharing common traits such as an underlying genetic predisposition, epithelial and endothelial cell plasticity, dysfunctional inflammatory mechanisms including the deposition of excessive extracellular matrix, angiogenesis, susceptibility to DNA damage and cellular mutagenesis. In fact, COPD could be the driving factor for lung cancer, providing a conducive environment that propagates its evolution. In the early stages of smoking, body defences provide a combative immune/oxidative response and DNA repair mechanisms are likely to subdue these changes to a certain extent; however, in patients with COPD with lung cancer the consequences could be devastating, potentially contributing to slower postoperative recovery after lung resection and increased resistance to radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Vital to the development of new-targeted therapies is an in-depth understanding of various molecular mechanisms that are associated with both pathologies. In this comprehensive review, we provide a detailed overview of possible underlying factors that link COPD and lung cancer, and current therapeutic advances from both human and preclinical animal models that can effectively mitigate this unholy relationship

Observer design with mixed continuous and multirate sampled outputs involving multiple time-varying delays

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Simulation of Thermoelectric Standard Simplified Model Applied in a Pressure Cooker

International audienceRecuperation of a waste thermal in a traditional a combustible gazes is an important challenge for developing countries. Adding thermoelectric generators can provide electricity that permits the satisfaction of basic needs: light, phones and other electronic devices. To test the TE modules, this paper focuses on use of the thermoelectric element where the walls of the pressure cooker are considered as the hold sources. Therefore, we are simulating it by a simplified standard model of the thermoelectric module. The alternative results show that the use of Thermoelectric is an alternative to maintain the functioning of electronic devices even if without any sources of electricity. \textcopyright 2015 IEEE

Melting over a Wavy Surface in a Rectangular Cavity Heated from Below

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Predictive Control of Temperature under Greenhouse Using LQG Strategy

International audienceIn this paper, we present a simulation of the predictive control named Linear Quadratic Gaussian (LQG) in order to control the temperature under greenhouse. This controller permits to estimate the gain of Kalman filter by resolving the Riccati equation. For that, we are using Matlab software to develop the state equation to be implemented in LabVIEW software

A Numerical Analysis of Solid\textendashLiquid Phase Change Heat Transfer around a Horizontal Cylinder

International audienceA numerical study is conducted to analyze the melting process around a horizontal circular cylinder in the presence of the natural convection in the melt phase. Two boundary conditions are investigated one of constant wall temperature over the surface of the cylinder and the other of constant heat flux. A numerical code is developed using an unstructured finite-volume method and an enthalpy porosity technique to solve for natural convection coupled to solid-liquid phase change. The validity of the numerical code used is ascertained by comparing our results with previously published results. \textcopyright 2013 Elsevier Inc

Effect of Inclined Wavy Surface on Heat Transfer inside a Rectangular Cavity: Solar Applications

International audienceIn this present work a steady-state natural convection was numerically simulated in an inclined rectangular cavity with a sinusoidal bottom wavy wall. The vertical walls are insulated while the bottom surface maintained to higher temperature than the top surface. In this numerical simulation, Rayleigh number (103, 106 and 6\texttimes106) and inclination angle (30°, 60° and 90°) were chosen in order to analyze the effect of these parameters on the heat transfer and the flow fields in two dimensional(2-D) enclosure filled in air (Pr=0.71). It is found that the same Rayleigh number, the heat transfer is influenced by the inclination angle. In other words the increase of inclination angle leads to an increase in the heat transfer inside the rectangular cavity

Melting inside a Horizontal Cylindrical Capsule

International audienceThe role of natural convection on solid-liquid interface motion during constrained melting within a horizontal cylindrical capsule was investigated. A numerical code is developed using an unstructured finite-volume method and an enthalpy porosity technique to solve for natural convection coupled to solid-liquid phase change. Flow patterns for different Rayleigh numbers are presented. The resulting melt shapes and the temperature in the PCM provide conclusive evidence of the importance of natural convection on heat transfer in the melt region